rabbit anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody 9013

$410.00

Antibody summary

Rabbit polyclonal to GAPDH
Suitable for: WB, ICC/IF, IHC
Reacts with: human, mouse, rat
Isotype: IgG
100 µg

SKU: 9013 Categories: antibody, loading control Tag: GAPDH

Weight	1 lbs
Dimensions	9 × 5 × 2 in
host	rabbit
isotype	IgG
clonality	polyclonal
concentration	1 mg/mL
applications	ICC/IF, IHC, WB
available sizes	100 µg

rabbit anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody 9013

antibody
Database link: human P04406 mouse P16858 rat P04797
Tested applications WB,IHC,IHC,ICC/IF
Recommended dilutions WB: 1:30000 IF/ICC and IHC: 1:2000
Immunogen Full length recombinant human GAPDH expressed in and purified from E. coli
Size and concentration 100µL and 1 mg/mL
Form liquid
Storage Instructions 2-8°C for short term, for longer term at -20°C. Avoid freeze / thaw cycles.
Storage buffer PBS, pH 7.2, 0.05% NaN₃
Purity serum
Clonality polyclonal
Isotype IgG
Compatible secondaries goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, peroxidase conjugated, conjugated polyclonal antibody 9512 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, biotin conjugated polyclonal antibody 2079 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, FITC conjugated polyclonal antibody 7863 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, Cross Absorbed polyclonal antibody 2371 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, biotin conjugated polyclonal antibody, crossabsorbed 1715 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, FITC conjugated polyclonal antibody, crossabsorbed 1720
Isotype control Rabbit polyclonal - Isotype Control

target relevance
Homo sapiens GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Protein names Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Alternative names Peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase GAPDH
Gene names GAPDH
Protein family Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family
Function Catalyzes the conversion of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate in glycolysis and the reverse reaction in gluconeogenesis (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:3170585). Also shows nitrosylase activity, thereby playing a role in nuclear functions (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:3170585). Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes (PubMed:23071094). Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation (PubMed:23071094). Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively (PubMed:23332158, PubMed:27387501). Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis (By similarity). Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC (By similarity)
Catalytic activity D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD(+) = (2R)-3-phospho-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H(+) S-nitroso-L-cysteinyl-[GAPDH] + L-cysteinyl-[protein] = L-cysteinyl-[GAPDH] + S-nitroso-L-cysteinyl-[protein]
Subcellular location Cytoplasm, cytosol, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, perinuclear region, Membrane, Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
Structure Homotetramer (PubMed:16239728, PubMed:16510976). Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with CHP1; the interaction increases the binding of CHP1 with microtubules (By similarity). Associates with microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS1 (PubMed:11724794, PubMed:15628863, PubMed:16501887, PubMed:20644585). Interacts with phosphorylated RPL13A; inhibited by oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) (PubMed:22771119). Component of the GAIT complex (PubMed:15479637). Interacts with FKBP6; leading to inhibit GAPDH catalytic activity (PubMed:19001379). Interacts with TRAF2, promoting TRAF2 ubiquitination (PubMed:23332158). Interacts with TRAF3, promoting TRAF3 ubiquitination (PubMed:27387501)
Post-translational modification S-nitrosylation of Cys-152 leads to interaction with SIAH1, followed by translocation to the nucleus (By similarity). S-nitrosylation of Cys-247 is induced by interferon-gamma and LDL(ox) implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex and seems to prevent interaction with phosphorylated RPL13A and to interfere with GAIT complex activity (PubMed:22771119, PubMed:25417112) ISGylated Sulfhydration at Cys-152 increases catalytic activity Oxidative stress can promote the formation of high molecular weight disulfide-linked GAPDH aggregates, through a process called nucleocytoplasmic coagulation. Such aggregates can be observed in vivo in the affected tissues of patients with Alzheimer disease or alcoholic liver cirrhosis, or in cell cultures during necrosis. Oxidation at Met-46 may play a pivotal role in the formation of these insoluble structures. This modification has been detected in vitro following treatment with free radical donor (+/-)-(E)-4-ethyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-3-hexenamide. It has been proposed to destabilize nearby residues, increasing the likelihood of secondary oxidative damages, including oxidation of Tyr-45 and Met-105. This cascade of oxidations may augment GAPDH misfolding, leading to intermolecular disulfide cross-linking and aggregation Succination of Cys-152 and Cys-247 by the Krebs cycle intermediate fumarate, which leads to S-(2-succinyl)cysteine residues, inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Fumarate concentration as well as succination of cysteine residues in GAPDH is significantly increased in muscle of diabetic mammals. It was proposed that the S-(2-succinyl)cysteine chemical modification may be a useful biomarker of mitochondrial and oxidative stress in diabetes and that succination of GAPDH and other thiol proteins by fumarate may contribute to the metabolic changes underlying the development of diabetes complications (Microbial infection) Glycosylated by C.rodentium protein NleB, enteropathogenic E.coli protein NleB1 and S.typhimurium protein Ssek1: arginine GlcNAcylation prevents the interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3 (PubMed:23332158, PubMed:27387501, PubMed:28522607). This leads to reduced ubiquitination of TRAF2 and TRAF3, and subsequent inhibition of NF-kappa-B signaling and type I interferon production, respectively (PubMed:23332158, PubMed:27387501)
Keywords 3D-structure, Acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, Alternative splicing, Apoptosis, Cytoplasm, Cytoskeleton, Direct protein sequencing, Glycolysis, Glycoprotein, Immunity, Innate immunity, Isopeptide bond, Membrane, Methylation, NAD, Nucleus, Oxidation, Oxidoreductase, Phosphoprotein, Proteomics identification, Reference proteome, S-nitrosylation, Transferase, Translation regulation, Ubl conjugation
Sequence MGKVKVGVNGFGRIGRLVTRAAFNSGKVDIVAINDPFIDLNYMVYMFQYDSTHGKFHGTV KAENGKLVINGNPITIFQERDPSKIKWGDAGAEYVVESTGVFTTMEKAGAHLQGGAKRVI ISAPSADAPMFVMGVNHEKYDNSLKIISNASCTTNCLAPLAKVIHDNFGIVEGLMTTVHA ITATQKTVDGPSGKLWRDGRGALQNIIPASTGAAKAVGKVIPELNGKLTGMAFRVPTANV SVVDLTCRLEKPAKYDDIKKVVKQASEGPLKGILGYTEHQVVSSDFNSDTHSSTFDAGAG IALNDHFVKLISWYDNEFGYSNRVVDLMAHMASKE
UniProt accession: P04406

Data

benchmarkantibodies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/9013_1.jpg

Detection of mouse GAPDH by western blot. Samples: Whole cell lysate (50 µg) from TCMK-1, NIH 3T3, and BW5147.3 cells prepared using NETN lysis buffer. Antibody: Affinity purified rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody used for WB at 0.04 µg/ml. Detection: Chemiluminescence with an exposure time of 3 seconds.

benchmarkantibodies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/9013_2.jpg

Detection of mouse GAPDH by immunohistochemistry. Sample: FFPE section of mouse plasmacytoma. Antibody: Affinity purified rabbit anti-GAPDH antibody used at a dilution of 1:1000 (0.2µg/ml). Detection: DAB

FAQ & Publications

Frequently Asked Questions

What species does the rabbit anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody 9013 react with?

This antibody reacts with human, mouse, and rat GAPDH proteins.

Which applications is the rabbit anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody 9013 validated for?

The antibody is suitable for Western blotting (WB), immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence (ICC/IF), and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

How should the antibody be stored to maintain its stability?

For short-term storage, keep the antibody at 2-8°C. For long-term storage, it should be kept at -20°C while avoiding freeze-thaw cycles.

What is the recommended dilution for using this antibody in Western blot and immunohistochemical techniques?

Recommended dilutions are 1:30,000 for Western blot and 1:2,000 for immunocytochemistry/immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry.

Publications

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We haven't added any publications to our database yet.

Published literature highly relevant to the biological target of this product and referencing this antibody or clone are retrieved from the PubMed database provided by the United States National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health.