| Weight | 1 lbs |
|---|---|
| Dimensions | 9 × 5 × 2 in |
| host | rabbit |
| isotype | IgG |
| clonality | monoclonal |
| concentration | 1 mg/mL |
| applications | ICC/IF, WB |
| available sizes | 100 µg |
rabbit anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase monoclonal antibody 9009
$409.00
Antibody summary
- Rabbit monoclonal to Tyrosine Hydroxylase
- Suitable for: WB, ICC/IF
- Reacts with: human, mouse, rat
- Isotype: IgG
- 100 µg
rabbit anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase monoclonal antibody 9009
| target relevance |
|---|
| Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is an enzyme critical for the synthesis of catecholamines, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. In research, TH has emerged as a vital cell marker, particularly for dopaminergic neurons. Dopaminergic neurons play essential roles in the brain's reward and motor systems and are implicated in various neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. TH immunohistochemistry, aided by specific antibodies targeting TH, allows researchers to identify and visualize dopaminergic neurons and assess their distribution and density in brain tissues. Additionally, these antibodies enable the quantification of TH levels, serving as a valuable tool for studying changes in dopaminergic function under different experimental conditions or in disease states. Furthermore, TH antibodies aid in the identification and analysis of TH-expressing cells in non-neuronal tissues, like the adrenal gland. Click for more on: cell markers and Tyrosine hydroxylase |
| Protein names Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2) (Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase) (TH) |
| Gene names TH,TH TYH |
| Protein family Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family |
| Mass 58600Da |
| Function Catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa), the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of cathecolamines, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Uses tetrahydrobiopterin and molecular oxygen to convert tyrosine to L-Dopa (PubMed:17391063, PubMed:1680128, PubMed:15287903, PubMed:8528210, Ref.18, PubMed:34922205, PubMed:24753243). In addition to tyrosine, is able to catalyze the hydroxylation of phenylalanine and tryptophan with lower specificity (By similarity). Positively regulates the regression of retinal hyaloid vessels during postnatal development (By similarity). ; [Isoform 5]: Lacks catalytic activity. ; [Isoform 6]: Lacks catalytic activity. |
| Catalytic activity Reaction=(6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-dopa; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:18201, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, ChEBI:CHEBI:15642, ChEBI:CHEBI:57504, ChEBI:CHEBI:58315, ChEBI:CHEBI:59560; EC=1.14.16.2; Evidence=; PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:18202; Evidence=; |
| Pathway Catecholamine biosynthesis; dopamine biosynthesis; dopamine from L-tyrosine: step 1/2. |
| Subellular location Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Nucleus Cell projection, axon Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle Note=When phosphorylated at Ser-19 shows a nuclear distribution and when phosphorylated at Ser-31 as well at Ser-40 shows a cytosolic distribution (By similarity). Expressed in dopaminergic axons and axon terminals. |
| Tissues Mainly expressed in the brain and adrenal glands. |
| Structure Homotetramer (Ref.18, PubMed:24947669). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-19) with YWHAG; one YWHAG dimer bounds to one TH tetramer, this interaction may influence the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of other sites (PubMed:24947669). |
| Post-translational modification Phosphorylated on Ser-19, Ser-62 and Ser-71 by several protein kinases with different site specificities. Phosphorylation at Ser-62 and Ser-71 leads to an increase of TH activity (PubMed:7901013). Phosphorylation at Ser-71 activates the enzyme and also counteracts the feedback inhibition of TH by catecholamines (PubMed:15287903). Phosphorylation of Ser-19 and Ser-62 triggers the proteasomal degradation of TH through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-62 facilitates transport of TH from the soma to the nerve terminals via the microtubule network (PubMed:28637871). Phosphorylation at Ser-19 induces the high-affinity binding to the 14-3-3 protein YWHAG; this interaction may influence the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of other sites (PubMed:24947669). Ser-19 increases the phosphorylation at Ser-71 in a hierarchical manner, leading to increased activity (By similarity). |
| Target Relevance information above includes information from UniProt accession : P07101 |
| The UniProt Consortium |
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Publications
Published literature highly relevant to the biological target of this product and referencing this antibody or clone are retrieved from PubMed database provided by The United States National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health.| pmid | title | authors | citation |
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Protocols
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| Western blot ICC |
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