| Weight | 1 lbs |
|---|---|
| Dimensions | 9 × 5 × 2 in |
| host | rabbit |
| isotype | IgG |
| clonality | polyclonal |
| concentration | 1 mg/mL |
| applications | ICC/IF, WB |
| reactivity | Raf1 (Phospho-Ser259) |
| available sizes | 100 µL |
rabbit anti-Raf1 (Phospho-Ser259) polyclonal antibody 2878
$366.00
Antibody summary
- Rabbit polyclonal to Raf1 (Phospho-Ser259)
- Suitable for: IF,IHC
- Isotype: Whole IgG
- 100 µl
rabbit anti-Raf1 (Phospho-Ser259) polyclonal antibody 2878
| antibody |
|---|
| Tested applications IHC,IHC |
| Recommended dilutions Western blotting: use at dilution of 1:500- 1:1,000. A band of ~73kDa is detected. Immunohistochemistry: use at dilution of 1:50- 1:100. These are recommended working dilutions. End user should determine optimal dilutions for their applications. |
| Immunogen Peptide sequence that includes phosphorylation site of Serine 259 (S-T-S(p)-T-P) derived from human Raf1 and conjugated to KLH. |
| Size and concentration 100µL and 1 mg/mL |
| Form liquid |
| Storage Instructions This antibody is stable for at least one (1) year at -20°C. |
| Storage buffer PBS (without Mg2 and Ca2 ), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, |
| Purity affinity purified |
| Clonality polyclonal |
| Isotype IgG |
| Compatible secondaries goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, peroxidase conjugated, conjugated polyclonal antibody 9512 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, biotin conjugated polyclonal antibody 2079 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, FITC conjugated polyclonal antibody 7863 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, Cross Absorbed polyclonal antibody 2371 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, biotin conjugated polyclonal antibody, crossabsorbed 1715 goat anti-rabbit IgG, H&L chain specific, FITC conjugated polyclonal antibody, crossabsorbed 1720 |
| Isotype control Rabbit polyclonal - Isotype Control |
| target relevance |
|---|
| Protein names RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) (Proto-oncogene c-RAF) (cRaf) (Raf-1) |
| Gene names RAF1,RAF1 RAF |
| Protein family Protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, RAF subfamily |
| Mass 73052Da |
| Function FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11427728, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11719507, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385642, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15618521, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15849194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16892053, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16924233, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9360956}. |
| Catalytic activity CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=ATP + L-seryl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17989, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9863, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11604, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:29999, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:83421, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.1; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603483}; PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17990; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603483}; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: Reaction=ATP + L-threonyl-[protein] = ADP + H(+) + O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein]; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46608, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11060, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:11605, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:30013, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616, ChEBI:CHEBI:61977, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=2.7.11.1; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603483}; PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:46609; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:17603483}; |
| Subellular location SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Mitochondrion. Nucleus. Note=Colocalizes with RGS14 and BRAF in both the cytoplasm and membranes. Phosphorylation at Ser-259 impairs its membrane accumulation. Recruited to the cell membrane by the active Ras protein. Phosphorylation at Ser-338 and Ser-339 by PAK1 is required for its mitochondrial localization. Retinoic acid-induced Ser-621 phosphorylated form of RAF1 is predominantly localized at the nucleus. |
| Tissues TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In skeletal muscle, isoform 1 is more abundant than isoform 2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1886707}. |
| Structure SUBUNIT: Monomer. Homodimer. Heterodimerizes with BRAF and this heterodimer possesses a highly increased kinase activity compared to the respective homodimers or monomers (PubMed:16508002). Heterodimerization is mitogen-regulated and enhanced by 14-3-3 proteins (PubMed:16508002). MAPK1/ERK2 activation can induce a negative feedback that promotes the dissociation of the heterodimer (PubMed:16508002). Forms a multiprotein complex with Ras (M-Ras/MRAS), SHOC2 and protein phosphatase 1 (PPP1CA, PPP1CB and PPP1CC) (PubMed:16630891). Interacts with LZTR1 (PubMed:30368668). Interacts with Ras proteins; the interaction is antagonized by RIN1 (PubMed:11784866). Weakly interacts with RIT1. Interacts (via N-terminus) with RGS14 (via RBD domains); the interaction mediates the formation of a ternary complex with BRAF, a ternary complex inhibited by GNAI1 (By similarity). Probably forms a complex composed of chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, co-chaperones CDC37, PPP5C, TSC1 and client protein TSC2, CDK4, AKT, RAF1 and NR3C1; this complex does not contain co-chaperones STIP1/HOP and PTGES3/p23 (PubMed:29127155). Interacts with STK3/MST2; the interaction inhibits its pro-apoptotic activity (PubMed:15618521). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-259) with YWHAZ (unphosphorylated at 'Thr-232') (PubMed:9360956, PubMed:31024343). Interacts with MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP3K5/ASF1 (via N-terminus) and this interaction inhibits the proapoptotic function of MAP3K5/ASK1 (PubMed:11427728). Interacts with PAK1 (via kinase domain) (PubMed:11733498). The phosphorylated form interacts with PIN1 (By similarity). The Ser-338 and Ser-339 phosphorylated form (by PAK1) interacts with BCL2 (PubMed:15849194). Interacts with PEBP1/RKIP and this interaction is enhanced if RAF1 is phosphorylated on residues Ser-338, Ser-339, Tyr-340 and Tyr-341 (PubMed:18294816). Interacts with ADCY2, ADCY5, ADCY6, DGKH, RCAN1/DSCR1, PPP1R12A, PKB/AKT1, PPP2CA, PPP2R1B, SPRY2, SPRY4, CNKSR1/CNK1, KSR2 and PHB/prohibitin (PubMed:10801873, PubMed:11719507, PubMed:12717443, PubMed:15385642, PubMed:15935327, PubMed:19710016, PubMed:10576742). Interacts with ROCK2 (By similarity). In its active form, interacts with PRMT5 (PubMed:21917714). Interacts with FAM83B; displaces 14-3-3 proteins from RAF1 and activates RAF1 (PubMed:22886302). Interacts with PDE8A; the interaction promotes RAF1 activity (PubMed:23509299). Interacts with MFHAS1 (PubMed:23327923). Interacts with GLS (PubMed:22538822). Interacts with NEK10 and MAP2K1; the interaction is direct with NEK10 and required for ERK1/2-signaling pathway activation in response to UV irradiation (PubMed:20956560). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P11345, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q99N57, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10576742, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10801873, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11427728, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11719507, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11733498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11784866, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12717443, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385642, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15618521, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15849194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15935327, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16508002, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16630891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18294816, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19710016, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20956560, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21917714, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22538822, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22886302, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23327923, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23509299, ECO:0000269|PubMed:29127155, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30368668, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9360956}. |
| Post-translational modification PTM: Phosphorylation at Thr-269, Ser-338, Tyr-341, Thr-491 and Ser-494 results in its activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-29, Ser-43, Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-642 by MAPK1/ERK2 results in its inactivation. Phosphorylation at Ser-259 induces the interaction with YWHAZ and inactivates kinase activity. Dephosphorylation of Ser-259 by the complex containing protein phosphatase 1, SHOC2 and M-Ras/MRAS relieves inactivation, leading to stimulate RAF1 activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-338 by PAK1 and PAK5 and Ser-339 by PAK1 is required for its mitochondrial localization. Phosphorylation at Ser-621 in response to growth factor treatment stabilizes the protein, possibly by preventing proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation at Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301, Ser-338 and Ser-621 are somehow linked to the methylation potential of cells. Treatment of cells with HGF in the presence of the methylation inhibitor 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) results in increased phosphorylation at Ser-338 and Ser-621 and decreased phosphorylation at Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-338. Dephosphorylation at Ser-338 by PPP5C results in an activity decrease. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10576742, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10801873, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11447113, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11733498, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11756411, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15047712, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15849194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16093354, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16630891, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16892053, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18465753, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21917714, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7477354, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8349614, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9823899}.; PTM: Methylated at Arg-563 in response to EGF treatment. This modification leads to destabilization of the protein, possibly through proteasomal degradation. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21917714}. |
| Target Relevance information above includes information from UniProt accession : P04049 |
| The UniProt Consortium |
Data
| No results found |
Publications
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Protocols
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| Western blot IHC ICC |
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