Structure Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen, and is the causative agent of Q fever. The genus Coxiella is morphologically similar to Rickettsia, but with a variety of genetic and physiological differences. C. burnetii is a small Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium that is highly resistant to environmental stresses such as high temperature, osmotic pressure, and ultraviolet light. These characteristics are attributed to a small cell variant form of the organism that is part of a biphasic developmental cycle, including a more metabolically and replicatively active large cell variant form. It can survive standard disinfectants, and is resistant to many other environmental changes like those presented in the phagolysosome.
Diagnosis The diagnosis of Q fever is performed by the demonstration of specific antibodies directed against Coxiella burnetii. Due to variations in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure on the surface of the pathogen, as the disease enters the chronic state, a serological differentiation of acute from chronic infections is possible. Due to the high sensitivity and specificity, the use of ELISA immunoassays is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Following the regular course of an acute primary infection, specific IgM and IgG antibodies directed against the immunogenic phase 2 antigens can be demonstrated. IgG antibodies directed against phase 2 antigens often persist over several years. In the lead-up to a chronic infection, IgG and IgA antibodies directed against the phase 1 antigens appear, which are of diagnostic value particularly for the diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis
Symptoms Coxiella burnetii is a gram-negative, aerobic coccobacillus of the Coxiellaceae family. The causative agent of the so called Q fever is extremely infectious and very resistant to environmental factors. <br><br>Approximately half of infected individuals exhibit no clinical symptoms. The most common manifestation following an incubation period of two to three weeks, are mild flulike symptoms with abrupt onset of fever, malaise, severe headache, myalgia, loss of appetite, dry cough, chest pain and chill, more seldom accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. During its course, the disease can progress to an atypical pneumonia, which may result in a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). More seldom, Q fever presents as granulomatous hepatitis with inflammation of the liver. In rare cases, the disease takes a chronic course and presents as an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart muscle (endocarditis) or of the heart sac (pericarditis), which is usually fatal if untreated.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the intended application of the Coxiella burnetii Phase 2 IgM Control Serum BC1312M?
This control serum is designed for use in ELISA assays, specifically for indirect and quantitative detection of Coxiella burnetii Phase 2 reactive IgM antibodies.
How should the Coxiella burnetii Phase 2 IgM Control Serum be stored to maintain its stability?
The serum should be stored refrigerated at temperatures between 2°C and 8°C to ensure proper preservation and stability.
Is the Coxiella burnetii Phase 2 IgM Control Serum compatible with specific ELISA kits?
Yes, it is ready-to-use and pre-diluted for compatibility with SERION ELISA classic and SERION ELISA antigen assays.
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Published literature highly relevant to the biological target of this product and referencing this antibody or clone are retrieved from the PubMed database provided by the United States National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health.
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